CHM135H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Intermolecular Force, Vapor Pressure, Boiling Point
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CHM135H1 Full Course Notes
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Many properties of liquids can be explained by presence of intermolecular forces. Viscosity: the measure of a liquid"s resistance to flow. Substances with weak intermolecular forces have relatively low viscosities, substances with strong intermolecular forces have high viscosities. Surface tension: the resistance of a liquid to spread out and increase its surface area. Caused by difference in intermolecular forces experienced by molecules at surface of liquid and those experienced by molecules in interior. Molecules at surface feel attractive forces on one side and pulled in toward liquid, while molecules in interior are surrounded and pulled equally in all directions. Both properties generally higher in liquids that have stronger intermolecular forces. Both temperature dependent: molecules at higher temperatures have more kinetic energy to counteract attractive forces holding them together. 11. 2 phase changes between solids, liquids, and gases: fusion (melting): solid liquid, freezing: liquid solid, vaporization: liquid gas, condensation: gas liquid, sublimation: solid gas, deposition: gas solid.
