CHM135H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Reaction Rate Constant, Rate Equation, Reaction Rate

• School: UTSG
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHM135H1
• Professor: Jessica D' Eon

Document Summary

Specify how fast the concentration of a reactant or a product changes per unit time (cid:1853)(cid:1872)(cid:1857)=(cid:1829) (cid:1853)(cid:1866)(cid:1859)(cid:1857) (cid:1866) (cid:1829)(cid:1867)(cid:1866)(cid:1855)(cid:1857)(cid:1866)(cid:1872)(cid:1870)(cid:1853)(cid:1872)(cid:1867)(cid:1866) (cid:1829) (cid:1853)(cid:1866)(cid:1859)(cid:1857) (cid:1866) (cid:1865)(cid:1857) *note: we must always introduce a minus sign when calculating the rate of disappearance/decomposition of a reactant (cid:1853)(cid:1827)+(cid:1854)(cid:1828) (cid:1855)(cid:1829)+(cid:1856)(cid:1830) (cid:1853)(cid:1872)(cid:1857)= (cid:883)(cid:1853) [(cid:1827)] (cid:1872) = (cid:883)(cid:1854) [(cid:1828)] (cid:1872) =(cid:883)(cid:1855) [(cid:1829)] (cid:1872) =(cid:883)(cid:1856) [(cid:1830)] (cid:1872) Rate law: an equation that tells how reaction rate depends on the concentration of each reactant (cid:1853)(cid:1872)(cid:1857) (cid:1838)(cid:1853) (cid:1853)(cid:1872)(cid:1857)=[(cid:1827)](cid:3040)[(cid:1828)](cid:3041) Rate constant (k): the proportionality constant in a rate law. M and n indicate how sensitive the rate law is to changes in [a] and [b: unrelated to the coefficients a and b in the balanced equation. If [a] is doubled the rate decreases by a factor of 2. If m=0, the rate is independent of [a] because any number raised to the zeroth power. If m=-1, the rate is proportional to [(cid:1827)] (cid:2869) or 1/[a] equals one ([(cid:1827)](cid:2868)=1)