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AST101H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Ecliptic, Industrial Revolution, Copernican Revolution

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indigoeel700
30 Apr 2012
School
UTSG
Department
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Course
AST101H1
Professor
Michael Reid

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AST101H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary

Chapter 1 our place in the universe. The sun, moon, planets and stars appear to circle around our sky each day, and we cannot feel the constant motion of earth as it rotates on its axis and orbits the sun. It therefore seems quite natural to assume that we live in an. Earth is a planet in our solar system, which consists of the sun and all the objects that orbit it: the planets and their moons, and countless smaller objects including rocky asteroids and icy comets. The sun and all the stars we can see with the naked eye make up only a small part of a huge, disk-shaped collection of stars called the milky way galaxy. A galaxy is a great island of stars in space, containing from a few hundred million to a trillion or more stars. The milky way galaxy contains over 100 billion stars.

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Related Questions

Which of the following correctly lists our "cosmic address" fromsmall to large?

a.) Earth, solar system, Milky Way Galaxy, Local Group, LocalSupercluster, universe

b.) Earth, solar system, Local Group, Local Supercluster, Milky WayGalaxy, universe

c.) Earth, Milky Way Galaxy, solar system, Local Group, LocalSupercluster, universe

The Sun rotates around the center of the Milky Way Galaxy at adistance of about 30,000 light years from the center (1 light year= 9.5X1015m).

A. If it takes about 200 million years to make one rotation,estimate the mass ofour Galaxy. Assume that the mass distributionof our Galaxy is concentrated mostly in a central uniformsphere.

B. If all the stars had about the mass of the Sun (2X1030kg), howmany stars would there be in our Galaxy?

4) According to the ancient Greeks, the Earth was the center ofthe universe and the sun, moon, stars, and planets all went aroundthe Earth. In the 1543 Copernicus proposed the heliocentric theoryof the universe in which the Earth was just another planet orbitingthe Sun and only the moon orbited the Earth.

a) What is the speed at which the Moon goes around the Earth?
b) How does the Moon's orbital acceleration compare to theacceleration of objects near the surface of the Earth?
c) What is the magnitude of the force that the Earth's gravityexerts on the Moon to keep it in orbit?
d) According to Newton's third law, all forces occur in pairs. Whatis the reaction to the Earth's gravity on the moon? Explain.