PSYC18H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Orbitofrontal Cortex, Insular Cortex, John Bowlby
Document Summary
Evolution is the theory of how species developed and has become the central concept of biology. Among the evidence that darwin advanced for his theory of evolution was the similarity of human emotional expressions to those of other animals. Darwin described evolution in terms of three processes: Superabundance: animal and plants produce more offspring than are necessary merely to reproduce themselves. Variation: each offspring is somewhat different than others, and differences are passed on by heredity. Selection: those characteristics that allow better adaptation to the environment are selected because they enable survival and hence are passed on. At the core of natural selection are selection pressures. For humans, these are the features of the physical and social environment in which humans evolved that determined whether individuals survived and reproduced. Intersexual competition refers to the process by which one sex selects specific kinds of traits in the other sex. Intrasexual competition is competition for mates within a sex.
