PSYA01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Cognitive Map, Nucleus Accumbens, Learning
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Conditioned emotional responses: consist of emotional and physiological responses that develop to a specific object or situation. Reinforcer: a stimulus that is contingent upon a response, and that increases the probability of that response occurring again. Negative: a stimulus is removed from a situation; negative can refer to reinforcement or punishment. Quick quiz 6. 2a: escape learning removes the immediate effects of an aversive stimulus, whereas avoidance learning removes the possibility of an aversive stimulus from occurring in the first place, a basic need such as food may be used as a primary reinforce, whereas a stimulus whose value must be learned is a secondary reinforcer, as a consequence for misbehaving, many teachers use time out . Variable ratio schedule: the number of responses required to receive reinforcement varies according to an average. Partial reinforcement effect: refers to a phenomenon in which organisms that have been conditioned under partial reinforcement resist extinction longer than those conditioned under continuous reinforcement.
