BIOA02H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: Necrotizing Fasciitis, Gram Staining, Hans Christian Gram
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BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
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Document Summary
Antigens stimulate antibody production by the immune system; o refers to the cell wall antigen, & h is the flagellar antigen. Metagenomics allow us to isolate and clone dna from an environment & then analyze gene sequences; we can now identify and characterize bacteria w/o having to culture them. Enable us to investigate the diversity of prokaryotic organisms in a wide range of environments. Plasmids small circles of dna; contain genes for nonessential but beneficial functions such as antibiotic resistance. They can replicate independently of the cell"s chromosome and can be transferred from one cell to another. Horizontal gene transfer allows antibiotic resistance and other traits to spread very quickly in bacterial populations. Bacterial ribosomes smaller than eukaryotic ribosomes but carry out protein synthesis essentially the same mechanisms as those of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cell walls lies outside their plasma membrane and protects the cell from lysing if subjected to hypotonic conditions or exposed to membrane disrupting compounds such as detergents.
