ENV345H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Clean Development Mechanism, Certified Emission Reduction, Kyoto Protocol
Document Summary
International financial institutions ie world bank: private business investors, corporations, ngo(cid:859)s. Governance the range of institutions, rules, and participants that now operate in complex networks and across scales to steer societal concerns: relevant to sustainable development. Environmental issues are effected by decisions of governance. Through the (cid:1005)(cid:1013)(cid:1013)(cid:1004)(cid:859)s there was an increase in environmental improvements in the private sectors due to changes in governance. Sustainable development cannot be achieved if processes of governance continue to create more social and economic marginalization conflicts. Forms of environmental governance and policy instruments: command and control. When there are regulations of businesses or individuals to regulate their standards of pollution. No market component because everyone needs to be regulated at same amount. Ie when emission standards limit gas releases from factories. Problems: monitoring is costly, no incentive for ppl to reduce more than required amount: cap and trade. Ceiling set on the total amount of pollutants allowed.
