PHA 3112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 85: Side Effects Of Penicillin, Infective Endocarditis, Beta-Lactamase
10 Dec 2016
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Chapter 84 drugs that weaken the bacterial cell wall i: penicillins. Penicillins: ideal abs & widely prescribed; all penicillins derived from common nucleus: 6-aminopenicillanic acid. All beta-lactam abs have same mechanism of action: disruption of the bacterial cell wall. Beta-lactam antibiotics: wat penicillins known as cuz of 4-membered beta-lactam ring in their structure - Their direct toxicity is low & beta-lactam ring essential for antibacterial effects. Bacterial wall: rigid, permeable, mesh-like structure that surrounds cytoplasmic membrane w/ high osmotic pressure inside & prevents expansion. Penicillins weaken cell wall by disrupting its synthesis & promoting its active destruction . Bacteria takes up excessive h2o & rupture cell lysis & death = result, penicillins are bactericidal. Penicillins are active only against bacteria that are undergoing growth & division. Penicillin-binding proteins (pbps): penicillins molecular targets/bind for antibacterial; located on outer cytoplasmic membrane surface & shown during growth & division = penicillins only work if bact. growing.
