PSYCH211 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism, Chromosome, Genetic Disorder

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYCH211
• Professor: Heather Henderson

Document Summary

Chromosomes: organic structures in the cell"s nucleus that contain genetic material. Meiosis: the biological process of cell division resulting in gametes that have 23 chromosomes, which is half the genetic material normally seen in a human cell. Mitosis: the biological process of cell division resulting in bodily cells that are exact copies of their parent cells and have a full set of 46 chromosomes. In vitro fertilization: an artificial form of egg fertilization in which egg and sperm are united in a lab dish. Autosomes: the first 22 pairs of chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes. Sex chromosomes: the 23rd pair of chromosomes, which determines the gender of a person- xy male xx female. Dna: a molecule made up of chemical components, called nucleotide bases, which form the code for specific genes. Gene: a group of chemical compounds, called nucleotide bases, which generate the production of a protein, or other important biological building blocks in the body.