CHEM237 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Anomer, Glycogen Phosphorylase, Glycosidic Bond

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM237
• Professor: Joseph Guillemette

Document Summary

Carbohydrates: most abundant biomolecule, oxidation yeilds energy, serves structural and protective roles in the body. Monosaccharides: contain an aldehyde/ketone group at one end and a hydroxyl group at the other end. Epimer: isomers where the con guration of once chiral carbons is different (ie. glucose and galactose) Anomeric carbon: the carbonyl carbon of a monosaccharide, orientation dictates alpha and beta cyclic con rmations. Anomers: diastereomers of cyclic monosaccharides that differ in the chirality of the anomeric carbon (ie alpha vs beta) Alpha: oh group of anomeric carbon points down. Beta: oh group of anomeric carbon points up. Pyran: 5 carbons and one oxygen ring furan: 4 carbons and one oxygen ring. Haworth projection: anomeric carbon is always on the right side, when going from linear to cyclic, substituents on the right in linear go down in the cyclic, and substituents on the left in linear go up in cyclic.