BIOL150 Chapter Notes -Endomembrane System, Primitive Cell, Cyanobacteria
3 Nov 2014
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Document Summary
Chloroplasts and mitochondria are not part of the endomembrane system. Endosymbiosis theory: cell gets engulfed, both cells benefit, the information is retained, the cyanobacteria cell then engulfs another cell which gives birth to plant/algae lineage. This process occurred 1. 6 billion years ago. Evidence that supports the endosymbiosis theory is the morphology (double outer membrane) Horizontal gene transfer, 2 methods of making chloroplasts and nuclear encoded proteins [it is very important for endosymbiosis] Peroxisomes, they originate from the er but not apart of the endomembrane system, surrounded by one membrane, dont have their own genome. Site of biochemical pathway(s) that generate hydrogen peroxide as a by -product, [fatty acid metabolism, enzymes that scavenge h2o2 are also abundant. 7 characteristics of life: display order[molecular structure], reproduce, respond to stimuli, evolve, growth & development, enable homeostasis, all organisms harness energy. 4 major macromolecules:nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, all except lipids are polymers made up from simpler building blocks.
