CHEM 250 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Bond Length, Lone Pair, Valence Bond Theory
Document Summary
Organic chemistry - chemistry of compounds in living organisms. Carbon is present in 99% of chemical compounds. Due to it"s position on the pte (a 4a element), it can share 4 valence electrons and from four covalent bonds. Also, carbon can bond to itself, and form long chains or rings. Carbon is the only element that can form such a large variety of compounds. The nucleus - dense, positively charged and surrounded by electrons. The nucleus contains neutrons that are electrically neutral, and protons that are positively charged. The number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of electrons surrounding it, creating a neutral charge of the atom. The nucleus is very small, about 10-14 or -15 m in diameter, but it contains essentially all of the atoms" mass. A typical atom is 2 x 10-10 m, or 200 picometers (pm).
