CHEM 1301 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8.3: Vaporization, Viscosity, Poise
Document Summary
Explaining trends in surface tension, capillary actions, viscosity and vapour pressure in terms of intermolecular forces. Any region of the sample of a gas is practically identical to any other: a gas is characterized by the randomness. Different regions of crystalline solids are identical due to the orderliness of the particles. Liquids have a combination of these qualities: a region that is arranged one moment becomes random the next. All are function of intermolecular forces, which are related to molecular structure. A molecule within a body of the liquid is equally attracted in all directions by the intermolecular forces. Molecular on the surface are attracted to the side and downward, but not upward. Since they have fewer neighbors to attract them, the surface molecular are less stable than those in the interior. As a result, a molecule on the surface move toward the interior to increase attraction and become more stable.