ANTH 1220 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Uruk Period, Sumerian Religion, Mudbrick

• School: University of Manitoba
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: ANTH 1220
• Professor: Ellen R.Judd

Document Summary

Cities challenges: maintaining order (police), resolving disputes (judicial/law), distribution of food (market economy vs. dictated), transportation system (wagons/carts), disposal of human waste, restricting behaviour: hammurabi 1750 bce, wheel vehicle 3500. Urbanism large capital, fortified walls, 100 000 people . Hyper urbanism 80%+ urban, 80-90% people food producers, cities, religion/craft/commerce. Irrigation canals construction requires labour/organization greater productivity . Gods (landowners), humans (servants), humans impersonate gods in ritual, fear punishments . Elite born into social class, ur cemetery 16/2000 graves are elite burials. 3000-2300 bce, 20 city-states, each with own temple and territory . Integration society becomes more complex over time. Decision making hierarchies king (city), governor (town), chief (village), . Full-time craft specialization metallurgy (copper, bronze, silver, gold) . Record keeping writing keep track of surpluses/labour : control history by recording it. Primatology = study of primates (monkeys, humans, apes) and the differences between them. Primitive non-primate ancestor had 5 digit hand/foot and unspecialized dentition .