PSYC 2650 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Problem Solving, Deep Structure And Surface Structure, Fluid And Crystallized Intelligence

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYC 2650
• Professor: Harvey Marmurek

Document Summary

Chapter 13: problem solving and intelligence (cid:862)autisti(cid:272) a(cid:448)a(cid:374)ts(cid:863: refers to a condition in which someone with a mental disability shows some remarkable talent, worldwide there are fewer than 100 autistic savants and this level of talent. General problem-solving heuristic: common approach, hill-climbing strategy a commonly used strategy in problem solving. Strategies to make analogy use more likely: we (cid:272)a(cid:374) i(cid:373)p(cid:396)o(cid:448)e p(cid:396)o(cid:271)le(cid:373) sol(cid:448)i(cid:374)g (cid:271)(cid:455) e(cid:374)(cid:272)ou(cid:396)agi(cid:374)g people to pa(cid:455) atte(cid:374)tio(cid:374) to the p(cid:396)o(cid:271)le(cid:373)s" underlying dynamic. Setting subgoals: helpful to break a problem into subproblems, experts knowledge is heavily cross-referenced, so that each bit of information has associations. Labels can help participants to divide the procedure into meaningful parts to many other bits. Functional fixedness: the(cid:396)e"s ofte(cid:374) (cid:373)o(cid:396)e tha(cid:374) o(cid:374)e (cid:449)a(cid:455) to u(cid:374)de(cid:396)sta(cid:374)d the p(cid:396)o(cid:271)le(cid:373, functional fixedness a te(cid:374)de(cid:374)(cid:272)(cid:455) to (cid:271)e (cid:396)igid i(cid:374) ho(cid:449) o(cid:374)e thi(cid:374)ks a(cid:271)out a(cid:374) o(cid:271)je(cid:272)t"s fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374). This generally involves a strong tendency to think of an object only in terms of its typical function.