FRHD 3150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Reinforcement

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Family Relations and Human Development
• Course: FRHD 3150
• Professor: Michelle Preyde

Document Summary

Chapter 13: establishing behaviour by escape and avoidance conditioning. Escape conditioning (also called negative reinforcement) states that the removal of aversive stimuli immediately after the occurrence of a behavior will increase the likelihood of that behavior. reinforcement = strengthen responses. Negative indicates that the strengthening effect occurs because the response leads to the removal of an aversive stimulus. Escape conditioning is similar to punishment (both involve aversive stimulus) but they differ procedurally in terms of both the antecedents and the consequences of behavior. Antecedents, the aversive stimulus used in escape conditioning must be present prior to an escape response, whereas the aversive stimulus is not present prior to a response that is punished. Consequences, escape conditioning removes the aversive stimulus immediately following a response whereas punishment presents the aversive stimulus immediately following a response. Avoidance conditioning: is a contingency in which a behavior prevents an aversive stimulus from occurring thereby resulting in an increase in the frequency of that behavior.