ECON 1100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Phillips Curve, Pearson Education, Potential Output

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1 Dec 2014

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The discovery of the short-run trade-off between unemployment and. Expectations of the inflation rate and monetary policy. Bank of canada policy from the 1970s to the present. Describe the phillips curve and the nature of the short-run trade-off between unemployment and inflation. Phillips curve a curve showing the short-run relationship between the unemployment rate and the inflation rate. There is a short-run trade-off between unemployment and inflation: Phillips was the first economist to show that there is usually an inverse relationship between unemployment and inflation. Here we can see this relationship at work: In the year represented by point a, the inflation rate is 4 percent and the unemployment rate is 5 percent. In the year represented by point b, the inflation rate is 2 percent and the unemployment rate is 6 percent. Figure 13. 2 using aggregate demand and aggregate supply to explain the phillips curve.

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8) What can be concluded from Milton Friedman and Edmund Phelps' expectations-augmented Phillips curve?

A) that there is no long run tradeoff between unemployment and inflation

B) that there is a short run tradeoff between unemployment and inflation

C) that there are two types of Phillips curves

D) all of the above

E) none of the above

9) Given the accelerationist Phillips curve ?? = - 0.3 (U - 6) + ?, suppose that inflation in the preceding period was 3 percent, unemployment is 6 percent, and there is a price shock of 2 percent. The current inflation rate is ________.

A) 3 percent

B) 0.2 percent

C) 5 percent

D) 1 percent

E) none of the above

10) Which of the following shows a negative relationship between the output and unemployment gaps?

A) the AS curve

B) the Phillips curve

C) Okun's law

D) the classical dichotomy

E) none of the above

1) In 1958, A.W. Phillips stated that inflation and unemployment are correlated. In 1972, Milton Friedman stated that Phillips' relationship was only temporary, and thus only applicable in the short-run. Friedman contended that people will over time anticipate the correct value of inflation and in the meantime adjust their actions accordingly. These expectations mitigate policymakers' attempts to control unemployment through inflationary policies. Thus, Friedman believed that in the long-run, there is no relationship between inflation and unemployment. Friedman's analysis of inflation and unemployment is summarized by the following equation: equation, where a is a positive constant, and the natural rate of unemployment is the normal unemployment that an economy experiences because people are continually quitting and searching for jobs.

Which of the answer choices is Phillips' theory regarding inflation and unemployment?

A. More people working in an economy correlates to more expensive goods and services.

B. Fewer people looking for work in an economy correlates to cheaper goods and services.

C. More people looking for work in an economy correlates to more expensive goods and services.

D. Fewer people working in an economy correlates to more expensive goods and services.

2) At the end of 2014, the unemployment rate in the U.S. was 5%. The Federal Reserve has stated that it will conduct monetary policy to bring down this unemployment rate during 2015. Suppose that the natural rate of unemployment is 6%, the value of a is one, and the public expects inflation of 4%. According to the given information, which of the answer choices correctly gives values of actual inflation that would support Phillips's theory and Friedman's theory, respectively?

A. Phillips: 6%; Friedman: 5%

B. Phillips: 7%; Friedman: 6%

C. Phillips: 5%; Friedman: 2%

D. Phillips: 3%; Friedman: 4%

greenrhinoceros438

1. Which of the following is likely to happen if the Fed buys Treasury securities from banks?

interest rate rises; investment falls

interest rate rises; investment rises

interest rate falls; investment rises

interest rate falls; investment falls

2. The main goal of monetary policy is to shift

3. Which of the following is true regarding the effects of an expansionary monetary policy?

Printing more money will affect real GDP only in the short run because all prices do not adjust fully in the short run.

Printing more money will affect real GDP both in the short and long run because inflation is a natural occurrence of expansionary monetary policy.

Printing more money will not lower the value of money in the short run because prices are fully flexible in the short run.

Printing more money will ultimately raise the value of money in the long run because prices are fully flexible in the long run.

4. In which of the following cases are you likely to be adversely affected by unexpected inflation?

You, the owner of a local restaurant, charge the price of lamb lasagna as per the daily market rate of lamb.

You purchase Mountain Dew every day from the dormitory vending machine, which keeps its prices fixed for the entire school year.

You, the owner of an airline company, sign a two-year contract for airline fuel.

You deposit $10,000 in a bank account for 5 years for a fixed interest rate of 1%.

5. The Phillips curve depicts the relation between

real GDP and price level.

price level and inflation rate.

unemployment rate and inflation rate.

unemployment rate and real GDP.

6. Which of the following statements is true regarding the shapes of short-run and long-run Phillips curves?

The short-run Phillips curve is vertical and the long-run Phillips curve is downward sloping.

The short-run Phillips curve is downward sloping and the long-run Phillips curve is vertical.

Both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves are downward sloping.

Both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves are vertical.

7. Suppose the table below lists the actual annual inflation rates for 2010 to 2015. What would be the most likely predictions people make about the inflation rate for 2016 based on adaptive and rational expectations theories, respectively?

Year	Actual Inflation rate
2010	0%
2011	0%
2012	3%
2013	3%
2014	6%
2015	6%

8. Which of the following can change relatively quickly in the short-run?

the price of a latte in a coffee shop

the salary of a finance professor

the rent paid for a store

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ECON 1100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Phillips Curve, Pearson Education, Potential Output

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