BIOL 3450 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Brown Algae, Cyanobacteria, Phytoplankton

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 3450
• Professor: Beren Robinson

Document Summary

Salinity is the fundamental difference between marine and fresh water systems: dissolved salts are essential for marine animals (internal salt conc. In fw, salt will diffuse through excretion without being replaced, excess water may be absorbed by osmosis leading to cell damage. To colonize in freshwater, must develop excretion system to remove excess water or sealing tissues from outside water (stop salt from leaving and water from entering) Osmoconformers internal conditions follow changes in external conditions (marine) Osmoregulators maintain constant internal concentrations (fw: produce more urine to remove excess water (essential ions are selectively removed from urine before excretion, freshwater have higher metabolic rates (use more energy) 38/40 phyla are found in marine environments (20 of which are exclusive to marine) Echinodermata (starfish), porifera (sponge), cnideria (jellyfish, coral), mollusca (snails), nematoda (worms parasites, but not all), arthropoda (lobster), Multicellular algae: red (rhodophyta), brown (phaeophyta), green (chlorophyta) S(cid:373)all (cid:272)ar(cid:271)o(cid:374)ate shells (cid:894) a(cid:272)idity (cid:272)ar(cid:271)o(cid:374)ate(cid:895)