BIOL 1080 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3a(IV): Adrenal Medulla, Autoimmune Disease, Adipose Tissue
28 Mar 2016
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Document Summary
Two adrenal glands in the body: size of an almond. Adrenal cortex secretes more than 20 diferent lipid-soluble (steroid) hormones, divided into three groups: Adrenal medulla secretes 2 water-soluble hormones, epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline). Gonadocorticoids male and female sex hormones known as androgens and estrogens. Testes produce majority of androgen in adult males. Ovaries and placenta produce estrogen; adrenal cortex provides extra hormones (helpful when estrogen production is slowed) Mineralocorticoids afect mineral homeostasis and water balance. Aldosterone hormone that acts on cells of the kidneys to increase reabsorption of na+ ions into the blood. Disorder caused by under secretion of aldosterone and the glucocorticoid cortisol. Body"s immune system destroys cells from the adrenal cortex. Glucocorticoids hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex that afect glucose levels; acts on the liver to promote conversion of fat and protein into intermediate substances that are converted into glucose. Also acts on adipose tissue to promote the breakdown of fats to fatty acids.
