POL S235 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Observational Error, Inductive Reasoning, Deductive Reasoning
16 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
General explications for of how empirical phenomena operate along a range of cases. Theory: a general set of explanations about some speci able empirical range. Potential explanations of cause and e ect for speci c cases. They are designed to be tested using evidence and are often derived from theories. Deviant case (outlier): a case that doesn"t t with the pattern predicted by the theory. Deductive reasoning: the process of moving from general claims or theories to speci c observations or predictions about a phenomenon or set of cases. Inductive reasoning: the process of moving through speci c observations to general claims. Thesis: a statement for which one argues on the basis of evidence. Qualitative: a form of analysis that aims to discern relations between events or phenomena as described in narrative form, such as an account of a historical processing.
