CHEM101 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Chemical Polarity, Intermolecular Force, Miscibility

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM101
• Professor: sai yiu

Document Summary

Substances that are said to be miscible dissolve in each other, and so there is nothing like solute and solvent for them. The solubility of a solute is the maximum amount that dissolves in a fixed quantity of a given solvent at a given temperature. A rule of the thumb is that like dissolve like where in substances with similar types of intermolecular forces dissolve in each other. The intermolecular forces play a role in the solubility of substances. Hydrogen bonding is the principal force in solutions of polar o containing and n containing organic and biological compounds such as alcohols, amines, and amino acids. Dipole-dipole forces allow polar molecules such as propanol to dissolve in polar solvents. Ion-induced dipole forces rely on polarizability and arise when an ion s charge induces a nonpolar molecule to lead to dissolving. Dipole-induced dipole is also based on polarizability, and arises when a molecule induces a dipole from a nonpolar molecule.