BIOL 1050H Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Titin, Dystrophin, Glycogen
6 Dec 2016
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Muscle cells respond with electrical changes when stimulated by chemical signals, stretch and other stimuli. Shorten substantially when stimulated enabling them to pull on bones and other organs to crease movement. Muscle cells recoil to shorter lengths when stretched and released. Without this, resting muscles would be too slack. When a muscle fiber contracts, pulls on collagen fibers and moves a bone. Glycogen: starch-like carbohydrate that provides energy for the cell during exercise. Myoglobin: red oxygen binding pigment providing oxygen needed for muscular activity. Muscle fibers have multiple nucleus resulting from embryonic development. Several myoblasts (stem cells) fuse to produce fiber, each providing a nucleus. Satellite cells: myoblasts that remain unspecified which play a role in damaged muscle regeneration. Sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr): smooth endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cell forming network around myofibril. Reservoir of calcium ions with gated channels in its membrane which can release calcium into cytosol (activating muscle contraction)
