STAT 100 Chapter 7: Chapter 7 STATS.docx

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azuregoldfish420

30 Mar 2012

School

Simon Fraser University

Department

Statistics

Course

STAT 100

Professor

Derek Bingham

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The most complex issues of data ethics arise when we collect data from people. Ethical difficulties are more severe for experiments that impose some treatment one people than for sample surveys that simply gather information. Institutional review board that reviews all planned studies in advance in order to protect the subjects from possible harm. Informed consent all individuals who are subjects in a study must give out consent before data are collected. Confidential ! only statistical summaries for groups of subjects may be made public. Neither the law nor the consensus of experts is completely clear about the details of their application. The purpose of an institutional review board is not to decide whether a proposed study will produce valuable information or whether it is statistically sound. To protect the rights and welfare o man subjects. Whether their workload has become so large that their effectiveness in protecting subjects drop.

Related Questions

How many have HIV? Researchers from Yale, working with medical teams in Tanzania, wanted to know how common infection with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is among pregnant women in that African country. To do this, they planned to test blood samples drawn from pregnant women. Yale’s institutional review board insisted that the researchers get the informed consent of each woman and tell her the results of the test. This is the usual procedure in developed nations. The Tanzanian government did not want to tell the women why blood was drawn or tell them the test results. The government feared panic if many people turned out to have an incurable disease for which the country’s medical system could not provide care. The study was canceled. Do you think that Yale was right to apply its usual standards for protecting subjects?

rubyguinea-pig231

UIS was a 5-year (1989-1994) collaborative research project (Benjamin F. Lewis, P.I.,
National Institute on Drug Abuse Grant #R18-DA06151) comprised of two concurrent
randomized trials of residential treatment for drug abuse. The purpose of the study was
to compare treatment programs of different planned durations designed to reduce drug
abuse and to prevent high-risk HIV behavior. The UIS sought to determine whether
alternative residential treatment approaches are variable in effectiveness and whether
efficacy depends on planned program duration. The data are in phreg.csv.
Variable Description Codes/Values
ID Identification Code 1 - 628
AGE Age at Enrollment Years
BECK Beck DepressionScore 0.000 - 54.000
HERCOC Heroin/Cocaine Use During 1 = Heroin & Cocaine
3 Months Prior to Admission 2 = Heroin Only
3 = Cocaine Only
4 = Neither Heroin
nor Cocaine
IVHX History of IV Drug Use 1 = Never
2 = Previous
3 = Recent
NDRUGTX Number of Prior Drug Treatments 0 - 40
RACE Subject's Race
0 = White
1 = Non-White
TREAT Treatment Randomization 0 = Short
Assignment 1 = Long
SITE Treatment Site 0 = A
1 = B
LOS Length of Stay in Treatment Days
(Admiss. Date to Exit date)

limescorpion640

StopSmoking is a product designed to help people quit smoking and no other products have to be more effective. StopSmoking provides significant advantages compared to all other products. For instance, StopSmoking is simpler to use. The product is also significantly less expensive than the other leading brands. The effectiveness of StopSmoking product has been tested in two independent experiments as shown in Table 1.

Quit Rates

Experiment 1

StopSmoking

17%

Brand A

13%

Experiment 2

StopSmoking

18%

Brand B

15%

a) How do you interpret the results and information given above from the statistical context?

b) You would like to conduct another experiment on your latest product in comparison to the StopSmoking product. How would you determine the significant level of your statistical analysis? Describe on how would your decision affect the type I error and type II error.

erinraven845

STAT 100 Chapter 7: Chapter 7 STATS.docx

STAT 100 Full Course Notes

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