BPK 142 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1.1: Cervical Vertebrae, Synovial Joint, Fibrous Joint

• School: Simon Fraser University
• Department: Biomedical Physio & Kines
• Course: BPK 142
• Professor: All

Document Summary

Provides attachment points for muscles, creating a lever system that enables body movement. Blood cell formation red bone marrow produces red and white blood cells and platelets. The major building blocks of bone are calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, collagen fibers, and water. Collagen is a protein that is the main organic constituent of connective tissue. Bone tissue is composed of widely separated cells, called osteocytes, surrounded by matrix. The matrix is about 25% water, 25% protein, and 50% mineral salts. Bone is highly dynamic and is continually being remodeled in response to mechanical stress or even absence of stress. Longitudinal growth of a bone occurs at the epiphyseal plate, which is a layer of cartilage. The proliferating cartilage cells are gradually replaced by bone. The bones of physically active individuals tend to be denser and therefore more mineralized than those of sedentary individuals of the same age and gender.