PHL 302 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Rule Utilitarianism, John Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham
13 May 2016
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It is our values that tell us what"s right and wrong and implies a preference in regard to correct human behavior. It"s a subjective screen which we have strong feelings or intense attitudes for that are backed up by rational justificatons. Often we"ll find ourselves with no right answer or several right answers that seem to fit the situation. Several theoretical positions have been proposed that allow us to examine value-laden issues. In all cultures there are a variety of sommon worldviews and ethical systems: one polar dichotomy found is that of the consequence-oriented and duty- oriented worldviews and theories. What"s right or wrong is a decision based on outcomes or predicted outcomes: those following this theory would decide what"s right also maximizes some good. The right thing to do is the good thing to do. Theorists may argue what"s constitutes good but once agreed, they"ve no problem in deciding on a right course of action.
