NSE 22A/B Chapter Notes -Drug Resistance, Femoral Artery, Spirometry
16 Dec 2011
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Explain the structure and function of the upper and lower respiratory tracts and the chest wall. The internal nose is shaped into rolling projections called turbinates that increases the surface area for warming and moistening air. Air is warmed to near body temperature, humidified, and filtered. Olfactory nerve endings (sense smell) is located at the roof. A tubular passageway that is subdivided into nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx. Small flap of tissue at the base of the tongue. During swallowing, prevents liquids and solid from entering the lungs via larynx. Bifurcates into the right and left main stem bronchi at a point called the carina. Located at the level of the manubriosternal junction (angle of louis) Once the air passes the carina, it is in the lower respiratory tract. The right main-stem bronchus is shorter, wider, and straighter than the left main stem bronchus. Aspiration is more likely in the right lung.
