CLD 322 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Ecological Fallacy, Finings, Null Hypothesis
16 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Research problem: quesion or issue that require a response in the form of a structured scieniic inquiry. Lack of clarity and speciicity may lead to ambiguous inings and contradictory interpretaions of those indings. Unit of analysis (level of analysis: what will be studied and must be deined at the outset of a research project before data are collected and/or analyzed. Unit of observaion: the unit that is aforded by a paricular data set. Ecological fallacy: the drawing of inferences about individuals directly from evidence gathered about groups, socieies, or naions: group individual. Individualisic fallacy: the drawing of inferences about groups, socieies, or naions directly from evidence gathered about individuals: individual group. Variables: characterisic that varies; takes on two or more values across cases. Move from conceptual to the empirical level concepts are converted into variables. Further disinguished analyically dependent, independent, or control variables. Dependent variable: variable whose changes the researcher wants to explain.
