BLG 143 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Nucleoid, Microfilament, Endomembrane System
17 Oct 2016
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Chapter 7: according to morphology, there are two broad groupings of life: Eukaryotes, which have such a nucleus: according to phylogeny, or evolutionary history, there are three domains: Eukarya eukaryotic: recent advances in microscopy reveal complexity in prokaryotic structure, archaeal cell structure is relatively poorly understood. Prokaryotes: bacterial cells vary greatly in size and shape, but most bacteria contain several similarities: A single chromosome (contains a long strand of dna, which contains genes) Nucleoid (contains chromosomes; (cid:1006)(cid:1004)% of the (cid:272)ell"s (cid:448)olu(cid:373)e) Plasmids (small, supercoiled, circular dna molecules; usually contain genes that help the cell adapt to unusual environment conditions; physically independent of the main, cellular chromosome: other structures are contained within the cytoplasm: All prokaryotic cells contain ribosomes, consisting of rna molecules and protein, for protein synthesis. The inside of many prokaryotic cells is supported by a cytoskeleton of long, thin protein filaments (made of long polymers of globular proteins)
