HIST 121 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: Productive Forces, Intelligentsia, Utopian Socialism
Document Summary
-- marx"s theory is a mixture of philosophy, political theory and economics. -- in other sense, his theory is about everything. --economically, he is greatly influenced by classical economists, like adam smith and david. Philosophically, he is student of hegel and feuerbach. French utopian socialists like saint-simon and fourier, and robert owen from britain. --and we will see alienation, exploitation, class struggle (bourgeoisie and proletariat) are his important concepts. -- a quick look at marx"s economic theory: exploitation. -- exploitation is capitalists take over the surplus value produced by workers, which is like what we call profit today. Marx following classical economics, especially ricardo, thinks labour is the only source of value. And all values are produced by workers" labour. This theory is not widely especially after the marginal revolution. -- because workers they don"t have enough money, so they cannot own their productive means---tools and machines. So they have to sell their labour to capitalists and endure exploitation.
