PSYCH 1XX3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Inclusive Fitness, Natural Selection, Phenotype
16 Mar 2018
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Animals work together in order to survive. Natural selection favours genes and gene complex. Cooperation + + (recipient, actor: sometimes reaps more benefit than selfishness. Recipients well-being can improve or decline, same as the actor. Must increase success of the gene, not necessarily the group. Increase in group success translates into better success for the metaphorical helping gene. Must be good for the gene, regardless of how it acts on the group. Giving up reproductive opportunities can be favoured by selection. Genes for altruism could be successful if they helped identical copies of themselves. Direct fitness: fitness from personal reproduction. Indirect fitness: fitness from the reproduction of close genetic relatives. Direct fitness + indirect fitness = inclusive fitness. The reproductive benefit to the recipients (b) multiplied by the probability that the recipients actually have identical copies of the same gene or coefficient of relatedness (r), must be greater than the reproductive cost to the actor (c)
