BIOLOGY 3UU3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: X-Inactivation, Dna Methyltransferase, Dna Glycosylase
20 Sep 2016
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By stephanie a. tammen, simonetta friso and sang-woon choi. Epigenetics is the field of study surrounding stable alterations to the dna and histone proteins that alter gene expression. Epigenetics is the broad term used to describe a variety of reversible modifications to the genome that are meiotically and mitotically heritable. Epigenetic mechanisms provide the link between environmental factors and phenotypical changes during the whole lifetime. Results: the degree of methylation was the same regardless of the location in the genome. The genetic code of a promoter determines the methylation of surrounding cytosines on the same strand of dna: factor binding sites along the genome may also impact dna methylation patterns. For example, a mutation within a factor binding site limits the maintenance of methylation patterns in the surrounding region of dna. Hydroxymethylation as an intermediate in demethylation: an epigenetic mark called 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmc) is a proposed player in the removal of methyl groups from cytosine bases.
