BIOLOGY 1P03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: S Phase, Meristem, Nucleolus

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blushcoyote303

4 Oct 2016

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Asexual reproduction: reproduction that does not involve the fusion of haploid gametes. Cell cycle: the sequence of events in the life of a cell, from one cell division to the next. Cell plate: in plant cell division, a series of vesicles that fuse to form the new plasma membranes and cell wall separating the daughter cells. Centriole: in animal cells, a short barrel-shaped ring consisting of nine microtubule triplets; a pair of centrioles is found near the nucleus and may play a role in the organization of the spindle. Duplicated chromosome: a eukaryotic chromosome following dna replication; consists of two sister chromatids joined at the centromeres. Kinetochore: a protein structure that forms at the centromere regions of chromosomes; attaches the chromosomes to the spindles. Mutation: a change in the base sequence of dna in a gene; often used to refer to a genetic change that is significant enough to alter the appearance of the organism.

Related Questions

1.Briefly describe three functions of cell division.

2.Compare and contrast cell division in bacteria, plant cells, and animal cells.

3.Define and recognize examples of the following terms: genome, chromatin, sister chromatids, centromere, chromosome arm, duplicated chromosome, unduplicated chromosome, kinetochore, kinetochore microtubule, non-kinetochore microtubule, centrosome, aster, mitotic spindle, metaphase plate.

4.Compare and contrast chromatin with chromosomes.

Describe, draw, or label a diagram of the structure of a duplicated or unduplicated eukaryotic chromosome

1- Most of a cell's life is spend in this phase of the cell cycle:

--------------------

2- The cell cycle is a highly regulated process.

True

False

3- Cells replicate their DNA during ________________ phase.

4- In animal cells, ________________________ is the indentation of the cell's surface that marks cytokinesis, the final splitting of the membrane, in the process of cell division.

cleavage furrow

binary fission

cell plate

sister chromatids

5- Somatic ("body") cells are _______________ (2n). This means there are two copies of each chromosome.

6- During the _______ phase(s) cells perform their everyday functions.

7- When chromosomes are duplicated the two strands are called _______________________________ and they are linked together at a point called the ____________________.

sister strands; kinetochore

sister chromatids; centromere

dual chromatids; centromere

genes; chromatid

8- New somatic âbodyâ cells are formed by this process:

meiosis

binary fission

replication

mitosis

9- The cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.

10- Cells replicate their DNA during ________________ phase.

pucecat917

Carefully read the following statements about cell division (1) After meiosis, the number of chromosomes in the newly formed cell is the same as that in the parent cell. Whereas, in mitosis, the chromosome number in daughter cell is reduced to half. (2) Cytokinesis is a highly regulated event in which cellular organelles are evenly distributed forming two daughter cells. (3) In Meiosis, DNA replication occurs only once whereas the cells divide twice and it is the mechanism that produces genetic variation in daughter cells. (4) In diplotene, chiasmata are formed between homologous chromosomes followed by crossing over and segregation of sister chromatids. (5)The kinetochore is a DNA protein complex which serves as the attachment point for spindle fibers. Which of the above statement or combination of statements is correct?

BIOLOGY 1P03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: S Phase, Meristem, Nucleolus

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