SOCI 210 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Mecha, Mechanical And Organic Solidarity, Social Integration
20 Oct 2017
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Preindustrial small, rural, dependent on local resources and human labor. Before widespread use of machines and in areas with limited tech. Hunter-gatherer highly dependent on environment, kinship/tribe based. Pastoral reliant on domesticated animals and plants. Still nomadic due to need to find grazing ground. Horticultural cultivate stable crops in area with sufficient resources. Agricultural use permanent tools for farming; becomes more efficient, have surplus of food. Settlements able to expand and participate in trade/commerce. Creates comfort and leisure time -> room for creative activities and production. Social classes emerge, become increasingly divided (wealthier can afford better conditions, become noble class), and expanding cities lead to concern over ownership of resources. Land allocated to lower class by owning class. Lower cultivates crops in return for place to live. Industrial: arose through huge rise in tech invention (ind. Machine take over job; tasks become much more efficient, previous labor become unnecessary, production faster and cheaper (cheap goods now available to commoners).
