GEOG 203 Chapter Notes - Chapter section 2 : Soil Horizon, Field Capacity, Basalt
Document Summary
Igneous melted: sedimentary settling out, metamorphic altered, they all contribute to the rock cycle. Igneous rock solidifies and crystalizes from a molten state: granite, basalt, rhyolite, form from magma which is a molten rock beneath the surface, magma fluid, gaseous and cools as it hardens. Intrusive rock that cools slowely in the crust and forms pluton. Igneous rocks can be: felsic high in silica, aluminum and potassium, lighter in color and less dense, mafic magnesium and ferric, low in silica, high in magnesium with high melting points. Metamorphic processes: any rock that goes through profound physical or chemical changes turns into a metamorphic, high temperature, compressed. Illuviation = accumulation or enrichment of organic matter, oxides, clay deposition: results in a layer darker in color, finer soil texture/ coating of clay in the pores results from clay accumulation, can arrive here through translocation or migration. Geomorphology science of landforms; origin, evolution, form and special distribution of landforms.
