PSYO 2220 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Proband, Internal Validity, B. F. Skinner
2 Dec 2014
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Hypothesis: educated guess about what you expect to find. External validity : how well the results relate to things outside your study- similar individuals outside the lab. A confounding variable is something other than the independent variable that may affect the dependant variable, therefor making results uninterpretable. Statistical significance is a mathematical calculation about the difference between groups. Clinical significance is whether or not the difference was meaningful to those affected. The patient uniformity myth is when we make generalizations about a group and ignore individual differences. The case study method is when one or more individuals are investigated intensively regarding behavioural and physical patterns. Experiments involve manipulating the independent variable and observing the results. Single-case experimental designs: involves systematic study of individuals under a variety of experimental conditions contributions from b. f skinner. Repeated measurement is used in single-case experimental designs. A behaviour is measured several times before changing the independent variable and then once after.
