INTE 398 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2.2: Vertically Transmitted Infection, Body Fluid, Blood Transfusion

70 views2 pages

lilactiger848

14 Jan 2017

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Inte 398 / ffar 291 hiv/aids: an interdisciplinary introduction. Reading summary of hiv transmission: guidelines for assessing risk, 3. There is no completely objective way to express degrees of risk, instead levels of risk is organized into four categories; no risk, negligible risk, low risk and high risk. There is no middle level risk, if you were to think of it as a graph on a continuous line, negligible risk and low risk would be closest to the now risk end of the continuum. This guide to risk levels in only applicable to hiv and no other stis. The following list are the well-established conditions that must exist for hiv transmission to occur. 1 there must be a source of injection. It is not appropriate to represent hiv as a person as it is impossible to identify whether someone was hiv visually. Instead its more appropriate to source hiv as bodily fluid and to be conscious of that.

Related Questions

Please, help me with the following questions on Chronic Diseases and Risks. No guess work, thank you!

QUESTION 1 Comorbidity refers to simultaneous occurance in a person of two ore more disorders; comorbid conditions can increase the risk of adverse outcomes True False

QUESTION 2 Emerging evidence supports starting promotion efforts during pregnancy and early childhood and continuing efforts throughout life lower exposures to major chronic disease risk factors True False

QUESTION 3 Increased cumulative exposure to risk factors over the lifecourse combined with social and economic inequalities, leads to the levels of inequalities seen in later adult life. True False

QUESTION 4 The "compression of morbidity" model proposes that morbidity due to aging cannot be postponed or mitigated by disease prevention programs True False

QUESTION 5 There are few significant funding sources for chronic diseases in low-and middle-income countries True False

QUESTION 6 To combat chronic diseases, modern, evidence-based interventions emphasize shared decision making and collaborative goal setting among providers and patients. True False

QUESTION 7 In the absence of legislative, financial and engineering approaches, health education programs often have a limited impact on preventing or reducing chronic diseases True False

QUESTION 8 It is estimated that deaths from diet-related chronic disease in China will triple between 1995 and 2025 True False

QUESTION 9 The third highest percent of global DALY's is attributed to which risk factor? a. Alcohol use b. Tobacco use c. Unsafe sex d. Childhood underweight

QUESTION 10 In the 1990's which country experienced a substantial decline in male life expectancy as a result of dramatic socio-political changes a. China b. Russia c. India d. Canada

jadeyellowjacket581

PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS..PLEASE NOT ONLY 1 QUESTION. THANK YOU

QUESTION 1. Chronic diseases generally have several underlying characteristics, including a.A long latency period between exposure to risk and disease outcomes b. Low degree of preventability c. High curve rate d.None of the above

QUESTION 2.Which of the following risk factors collectively explain a significant proportion (not incidence) of most chronic diseases. a.Tobacco, alcohol, diet b.Tobacco, alcohol, diet, physical activity c. Alcohol, physical activity d.Tobacco, diet, physical activity

QUESTION 3.Adherence to treatment is influenced by several interacting dimensions including a.Social and economic factors b. Healthcare system factors c.Condition-related factors d.Therapy-related factors e.Patient related factors f.All of the above

QUESTION 4. _________ is the leading cause of cancer in both developed and developing countries worlwide a.Radiation exposure b. Tobacco use c.Pesticide exposure d.Air pollution

QUESTION 5.This week's YouTube video on treating non-communicable diseases in Rwanda showed how a community health worker helps to treat heart disease, diabetes and _______ a.Cancer b.Asthma c.Hepatitis d.HIV/AIDS

QUESTION 6.Which of these are myths of chronic disease control a.Benefits of chronic disease control accrue not only to the individual but also to the population b.Economic growth improves all health conditions c. Chronic diseases are associated with low SES/poverty d.Chronic disease only occurs in the elderly e.a and c f.b and d

QUESTION 7 ___________ remains the leading cause of death among both men and women in low- and middle-income countries a.Cancer b.Cardiovascular disease c. Diabetes d.Obesity e.Respiratory disease

QUESTION 8.Chronic disease in adults accounts for approximately 60% of all deaths worldwide. True False

QUESTION 9.The WHO's Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework includes a positive policy environment. True False

QUESTION 10.It is estimated that the overall number of cancer cases will rise by 50% in the next 20 years. True False

QUESTION 11.Comorbidity refers to simultaneous occurrence in a person of two or more disorders; comorbid conditions can increase the risk of adverse outcomes. True False

QUESTION 12.Emerging evidence supports starting promotion efforts during pregnancy and early childhood and continuing efforts throughout life lower exposures to major chronic disease risk factors. True False

QUESTION 13. Increased cumulative exposure to risk factors over the lifecourse combined with social and economic inequalities, leads to the levels of inequalities seen in later adult life. True False

QUESTION 14.The "compression of morbidity" model proposes that morbidity due to aging cannot be postponed or mitigated by disease prevention programs True False

QUESTION 15.There is few significant funding sources for chronic diseases in low-and middle-income countries. True False

QUESTION 16.To combat chronic diseases, modern, evidence-based interventions emphasize shared decision making and collaborative goal setting among providers and patients. True False

QUESTION 17.In the absence of legislative, financial and engineering approaches, health education programs often have a limited impact on preventing or reducing chronic diseases. True False

QUESTION 18. It is estimated that deaths from diet-related chronic disease in China will triple between 1995 and 2025. True False

QUESTION 19.The third highest percent of global DALY's is attributed to which risk factor? a.Alcohol use b.Tobacco use c.Unsafe sex d.Childhood underweight

QUESTION 20.In the 1990's which country experienced a substantial decline in male life expectancy as a result of dramatic socio-political changes a.China b.Russia c. India d.Canada

jademole302

I need answers of all question (Answer only if you able to complete it), Thanks

Quiz

True and False

1.Lack of private transportation makes shopping assistance an important service under the Older Americans Act program.

2. Home-delivered meals in most communities are provided by government agencies funded under the OAA.

3. Under the OAA legislation, congregate meal programs were required to provide at least one hot meal five or more days a week in a congregate setting, adult day program, or multigenerational site excluding in rural areas and where it is deemed feasible.

4. Elder abuse includes physical, psychological, and financial abuse as well as neglect

5. Chronic conditions vary across different populations of older adults. Older women are more likely than older men to suffer from chronic arthritis, hypertension, incontinence and asthma

Multiple Choices

1. For both the congregate and home-delivered programs the following is true EXCEPT

a. Services must be targeted at persons with the greatest social and economic need,

b. Attention should be given to low-income older persons, including low-income minority older persons,

c. Older persons with limited English proficiency,

d. Older persons residing in urban areas

2. Per the CDC, the top 5 chronic conditions for Hispanics are:

a) cancer, heart disease, unintentional injuries, stroke and diabetes

b) chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, cancer, unintentional injuries and diabetes

c) chronic lower respiratory disease, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, unintentional injuries and cancer

3. The following is true;

a. As the percentage of persons in the oldest-old category increases, the need for home-delivered meals may increase.

b. Changes in the delivery of health care have an impact on nutrition programs.

c. Programs will be challenged to serve the underserved population in an era of shrinking public and private dollars

d. A and C

e. All the above

4. In accordance with the Older Americans Act each Title III Nutritional program, the program must provide the following Except:

a. Meals must have a minimum of one third of the recommended daily allowances

b. Meals must be prepared with the advice of dietitians.

c. Services should include nutrition screening, nutrition education, nutrition assessment, and counseling.

d. Participants must live independently.

5. Per the CDC, the top 5 chronic conditions for African Americans are:

a) Heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes and unintentional injuries.

b) Kidney disease, heart disease, chronic lower respiratory disease, diabetes and unintentional injuries

c) Heart disease, cancer, stroke, Alzheimerâs disease and unintentional injuries.

d) Kidney disease, heart disease, Alzheimerâs disease, diabetes and unintentional injuries

6. The Senior Farmersâ Market Nutrition Program

a. Was established through the 2008 Farm Bill to increase the consumption of agricultural commodities

b. The purpose of the SFMNP is to provide fresh, nutritious, locally grown fruits, vegetables, herbs, and honey from farmersâ markets and roadside stands

c. The program is aiding in the development and expansion of domestic farmersâ markets and roadside stands

d. All the above

7. Title III Part F: âDisease Prevention and Health Promotion Servicesâ of the Older Americans Act is designed to enhance the well-being of older adults and includes the following services except

a) Health risk assessments, routine health screening, Nutrition counseling and education and Alcohol and substance abuse, smoking cessation,

b) Health risk assessment, weight loss, stress management, smoking cessation, routine health screening and physical fitness

c) Physical fitness, group exercise, music therapy, art therapy, dance movements, Health risk assessment and Nutrition counseling

d) Home injury control services education, Medication management, Information about age related diseases

e) All the above services are included, there are no exceptions.

8. To ensure food insecure seniors have access to nutritional meals the following are some recommendations:

a) Enlist the help of local churches to donate non-perishable goods to seniors

b)Contribute monetary donation and time to local food banks to assist with the distribution of meals

c) Educate seniors on the importance of health and wellness

d) All the above

9. The Elder Justice Act (EJA) includes a comprehensive array of initiatives except

a) Mandates the establishment of an advisory council (federal Elder Justice Coordinating Council) to provide recommendations to the Secretary of Health and Human Services regarding the best coordination mechanisms throughout all levels of government to prevent elderly abuse.

B) Requires formation of an advisory board responsible to develop strategic plans to assure elder justice.

C) Background check for those who have direct contact with elders in long term care facilities

D) Creates the Ombudsman program to protect elders in Nursing Homes

10. The Older Americans Act provide services for caregivers. The following is the list of services this title provides:

a. Assistance in gaining access to private pay services not associated with the Older American Act network

b. Individual counseling and Marriage counseling

c. Respite care

d. Supplemental services, including housing improvement, chore, provision of medical supplies and services

e. Legal assistance to the public at large including, grandparents or older individuals who are caregivers for relatives.

f. C and D

Essay questions

1. Discuss the chronic conditions that are more common among the Non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics and African American elders.

2. Discuss the difference among: Food banks, Brown Bags and Senior Farmers Market.

3. Title III, the largest program under the Older Americans Act, authorizes could you explain and discuss what this title covers.

INTE 398 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2.2: Vertically Transmitted Infection, Body Fluid, Blood Transfusion

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

INTE 398 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Viral Load, Cohort Study, Reverse Transcriptase

INTE 398 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Headache, Drug Resistance, Cell Nucleus

INTE 398 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Forego, United Nations Development Programme, Transphobia

Related Questions