SOCI 2450 Chapter 3: Chapter 3
12 Jul 2015
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They can choose legal or illegal means to get what they want; fear of punishment can deter them from committing crime; and society can control behavior by making the pain of punishment greater then the pleasure of the criminal gains: criminology was developed as am attempt to apply rationality and the rule of law to brutal and arbitrary criminal justice processes, cesare beccaria is the father of criminology, beccaria"s principles were based in an understanding of society as a contract between the individual and the state. People weigh the probabilities of present and future pleasures against those of present and future pain: bentham proposed a precise pseudomathematical formula for this process, which he called felicific calculus. according to his reasoning, individuals are human calculators who put all the factors into an equation in order to decide whether or not a particular crime is worth committing, bentham distinguishes between two types of deterrence.
