PSYC 1001 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Connectionism, The Cocktail Party, Semantic Network
20 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Three key processes contribute to memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Attention, which facilitates encoding, is inherently selective and has been compared to a filter. The cocktail party phenomenon suggests that input is screened late in mental processing. The empirical evidence indicated that people may have some flexibility in where they place their attention filter. According to levels-of-processing theory, the kinds of memory codes people create depend on which aspects of a stimulus are emphasized. Structural, phonemic, and semantic encoding represent progressively deeper levels of processing. Elaboration enriches encoding by linking a stimulus to other information, such as examples of an idea. The creation of visual images to represent words can enrich encoding. Visual imagery may help by creating two memory codes rather than just one. Encoding that emphasizes personal self-reference may be especially useful in facilitating retention. Attention: involves focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events. selective attention is critical to everyday functioning.
