PSYC 1001 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Advantageous, Jane Goodall, Confounding

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Must (cid:468)ind a (cid:623)a(cid:629) to measu(cid:568)e the phenomenon unde(cid:568) stud(cid:629) S(cid:428)ientists (cid:427)elie(cid:622)e that the(cid:629) unde(cid:568)stand e(cid:622)ents (cid:623)hen the(cid:629) (cid:428)an e(cid:628)plain the (cid:568)easons (cid:468)o(cid:568) the o(cid:428)(cid:428)u(cid:568)(cid:568)en(cid:428)e o(cid:468) the e(cid:622)ents. To e(cid:622)aluate unde(cid:568)standin(cid:469), test p(cid:568)edi(cid:428)tions (cid:428)alled h(cid:629)potheses a(cid:568)e mad. On(cid:428)e people unde(cid:568)stand a phenomenon, the(cid:629) o(cid:468)ten (cid:428)an e(cid:628)e(cid:568)t mo(cid:568)e (cid:428)ont(cid:568)ol o(cid:622)e(cid:568) it. Ps(cid:629)(cid:428)holo(cid:469)(cid:629) attempts to appl(cid:629) (cid:568)esea(cid:568)(cid:428)h (cid:468)indin(cid:469)s to p(cid:568)a(cid:428)ti(cid:428)al p(cid:568)o(cid:427)lems. To (cid:427)e testa(cid:427)le, s(cid:428)ienti(cid:468)i(cid:428) h(cid:629)potheses must (cid:427)e (cid:468)o(cid:568)mulated p(cid:568)e(cid:428)isel(cid:629), and the (cid:622)a(cid:568)ia(cid:427)les unde(cid:568) stud(cid:629) must (cid:427)e (cid:428)lea(cid:568)l(cid:629) de(cid:468)ined. Besea(cid:568)(cid:428)he(cid:568)s a(cid:428)hie(cid:622)e (cid:428)lea(cid:568) (cid:468)o(cid:568)mulations (cid:427)(cid:629) p(cid:568)o(cid:622)idin(cid:469) ope(cid:568)ational de(cid:468)initions o(cid:468) the (cid:568)ele(cid:622)ant (cid:622)a(cid:568)ia(cid:427)les. An ope(cid:568)ational de(cid:468)inition des(cid:428)(cid:568)i(cid:427)es the a(cid:428)tions o(cid:568) ope(cid:568)ations that (cid:623)ill (cid:427)e used to measu(cid:568)e o(cid:568) (cid:428)ont(cid:568)ol a (cid:622)a(cid:568)ia(cid:427)le. Step (cid:1488): sele(cid:428)t the besea(cid:568)(cid:428)h method and desi(cid:469)n the stud(cid:629) Method (cid:428)hosen depends to a la(cid:568)(cid:469)e de(cid:469)(cid:568)ee on the natu(cid:568)e o(cid:468) the (cid:567)uestion unde(cid:568) stud(cid:629) Must ponde(cid:568) p(cid:568)os and (cid:428)ons then sele(cid:428)t (cid:623)hi(cid:428)h seems most app(cid:568)op(cid:568)iate and p(cid:568)a(cid:428)ti(cid:428)al. Gathe(cid:568) (cid:568)esults (cid:468)(cid:568)om the stud(cid:629) (cid:623)hi(cid:428)h took pla(cid:428)e.

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