BIOL 2Q04 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Genotype Frequency, Allele Frequency, Adaptation
26 Sep 2016
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Adaptation: a trait that increases an individual"s fitness in a specific environment. Adaptive landscape: a graphical representation of the fitnesses associated with different genotypes in a population. Allele frequencies: the proportion each allele represents in the gene pool. Directional selection: a form of selection in which 1 tail of the phenotypic bell curve is favoured. Disruptive selection: a form of selection in which the 2 tails of the phenotypic bell curve are favoured. Ecotype: a genetically distinct population that is adapted to local environmental conditions. Effective population size (ne): the subset of the total population that mates at random. Evolutionary trade-offs: the idea that many traits that confer a fitness advantage with respect to one aspect of the environment can also have a fitness cost relative to another. Fitness: the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce relative to other individuals in the population. Gene: a sequence of dna that encodes the amino acid sequence of a specific protein.
