Biology And Biomedical Sciences BIOL 2960 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Acylation, Transfer Rna, Polysome
6 Feb 2019
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30. 1 protein synthesis requires the translation of nucleotide sequences into amino acid sequences: aminoacyl-trna synthetase cayalyzes linking of aa w/ trna. 30. 2 aminoacyl-transfer rna synthetases read the genetic code: fomration of peptide bond between free aa is not thermodynamically favorable, aa is activated (adenylated) before being added to a polypeptide, activating enzymes (aminoacyl-trna synthetases), 1. Aa + atp aminoacyl-amp + ppi: 2. Once trna in p site transfers pp to trna in a site, it becomes uncharged. Pp always stays at p site: translocation of mrna is helped by elongation factor g driven by gtp, only the codon-anticodon interaxns determine the aa that is incorporated. The aa at the end of the trna isn"t checked when trna arrives at ribosome: some trna molecules recognize more than one codon b/c of wobble, there aren"t 61 trnas beyond the 3 stop codons. There are ~2/3 of this number: 1st two bases of codon pair in standard way.
