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BIOL 1116 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Niche Differentiation, Exponential Growth, Character Displacement

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redlouse46
16 Jul 2016
School
Virginia Tech
Department
Biological Sciences
Course
BIOL 1116
Professor
Hogan

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Document Summary

Evaluate the difference between how an individual responds to an environmental change and how a species adapts to an environment. Differentiate between a population and a metapopulation. Describe the main demographic characteristics and the factors that influence a species" demography. Explain exponential growth and limits to exponential population growth. Define carrying capacity and explain what might cause it to change. Compare density-dependent and density-independent factors that regulate populations. Explain how the rate of human population growth has changed through time. Describe the effects of age distribution on future growth. Define community and describe how they may be characterized. Explain how the presence of other species can affect a species" realized niche. Explain how competition can lead to resource partitioning and character displacement. Define the following species interactions and how they result in adaptations: competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, commensalism. Explain how changes in one interaction can affect other interactions in the community. Define succession and distinguish between primary and secondary succession.

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Related Questions

Populations (Ecology)

•What’s the difference between a cohort and static life table and what are the difficulties with each? Be able to interpret data in a life table.

• Be able to draw or interpret survivorship curves for different populations. What are the differences between the three types?

• Why does population age structure matter?

• What happened to Pablo Escobar’s hippos? What are some possible consequences? What might happen in the future?

• What are exponential and geometric growth?

• Be able to graph population size over time for a given growth rate (like figure 10.11).

• What’s the difference between density dependent and density independent factors to limit growth? Give examples. Which one regulates population size? Why?

• What is logistic growth? Explain how the growth rate changes at different population sizes. Be able to compare logistic and exponential growth.

• What are the four factors that affect population size over time?

• What are population cycles? What are some of the factors that drive them?

• What is delayed density dependence and why does delayed density dependence cause populations to fluctuate? What factors affect these fluctuations? Be able to draw typical population fluctuation figures like fig. 11.10.

• What’s the difference between stabilizing and destabilizing feedbacks? How do delayed feedbacks affect a stabilizing feedback?

• How does population size affect the likelihood of extinction?

• What is the Allee effect? How does it affect growth rate at different population densities? Draw a figure illustrating this.

1. Define the characteristics that make some pesticidesparrticularly dangerous pollutants.

2. Describe what is meant by "the demographic transition" in ahuman population. Explain why it might be important, for futuremanagement of himan population growth, to discover wheter thedemographic transition is an academic ideal or a process throughwhich all human populations necessarily pass.

3. Energy cannot be cycled and refused but matter can. Discussthis assertion and its significance for ecosystem functioning.

4. Explain, with examples, how the loss or introduction of asingle species can have conservation consequences throughout awhile ecological community.

Question :Mutations that cause sickness and/or death after reproduction has occurred:

Question 1

options: can be passed on to future generations.

will not be passed on to future generations. are unlikely to occur.

are only passed on to future generations in species that have short life spans.

Question 2

In a population exhibiting logistic growth, what happens when the carrying capacity is exceeded?

Question 2 options:

The growth rate becomes zero until the population is back within the carrying capacity.

The growth rate becomes negative until the population is back within the carrying capacity.

The population crashes and becomes extinct.

The population's fertility drops to zero.

Question 3 How does exponential growth differ from logistic growth?

Question 3 options:

Logistic growth models take the population's age structure into account.

Long-term exponential growth is more commonly observed than long-term logistic growth in nature.

The logistic model of growth incorporates environmental limitations on population size.

Logistic growth generally comes with infinite expansion.

Question 4 Density-dependent and density-independent growth factors influence the size of a population by causing changes in the:

Question 4 options:

death rate and pattern of dispersion.

birth rate and death rate.

age structure and birth rate.

carrying capacity and age structure.

Question 5 The life history of an organism does not include the organism's

Question 5 options:

reproduction

All of these are included in an organism's life history.

death

birth