PSYCH 202 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Margaret Floy Washburn, Mary Whiton Calkins, American Psychological Association
Document Summary
Mary whiton calkins- founded one of the first dozen psychology labs in america at wellesley. Sigmund freud- an austrian physician who dreamed of making an important discovery. He treated people troubled by psychological problems such as irrational fear, obsessions, etc. with a process he called psychoanalysis. According to freud- the unconscious contains thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of conscious awareness but that nonetheless exert great influence on behavior. He believed minor unconscious errors reflected people"s true feelings. The psychoanalytic theory- attempts to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior. He said that behavior is greatly influenced by how people cope with their sexual urges. He faced controversy because of his emphasis on sex. Leta stetter hollingworth- she studied adolescent development, retardation, and gifted children (smart youngsters). Disproved women on menstrual cycle have decreased performance.
