PSY 319K Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Social Proof, Product Placement, Dementia
Document Summary
When is it most likely to occur (no external. Cognitive dissonance is the uncomfortable feeling that occurs when there is a discrepancy between cognitions (beliefs, values, behaviors, etc. ). This can occur when there"s no external justification for a behavior (such as when there is a small reward or the threat of an insufficient punishment). Forced compliance paradigm: doing something with little incentive attitude change. Spreading of alternatives: decreasing attitudes of non-chosen options and increasing attitude of chosen option to reduce dissonance and increase confidence after a decision, especially when the decision is permanent. Effort justification: increasing one"s liking of something after working hard to attain it (example: sororities/fraternities and hazing). Insufficient punishment: changing opinion of something to rationalize not doing it, since the punishment itself is not enough justification. Victim derogation: viewing victims as bad people to justify doing something bad to them. Opposite of victim derogation: liking an enemy after doing them a favor to justify treating them nicely.
