PSYC 2120 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Critical Period, Social Cognitive Theory, Research Question
Document Summary
Nature through nurture: nature, nurture, stability, plasticity, gene x environment relationships. Continuous or discontinuous development: quantitative change, qualitative change (stage theorists) Individual differences one course or many courses: equifinality, multifinality. Role of the child: active, passive. 3 parts of personality id, ego, superego. Adult character type if fixated in stage: erikson"s psychosocial theory. Unconditioned and conditioned response: skinner"s operant conditioning. Positive and negative punishment: bandura"s social cognitive theory. Cognitive-developmental theory piaget: active construction of knowledge, stage theory, adaptation is key. Sociocultural theory vygotsky: learning is social, zone of proximal development, scaffolding. Ecological systems theory bronfenbrenner: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem. Across theorists: strengths and limitations of each, how each addresses the fundamental issues in development. Types of research: basic, applied, action. Essential research components: operationalize concepts, objectivity v. interpretation, reliability, validity. External: population representative sample, ethics. Scientific method: research question, hypothesis, design study, correct and analyze data, interpret results. Standardized tests: physiological, case study, ethnography, across methods.
