PSY 1001 Study Guide - Final Guide: Major Depressive Disorder, Clinical Psychology, Dsm-5
Psy 1001
STUDY GUIDE FOR Abnormal/Treatment
The 100 point Final is composed of 100 items worth 1 point each—approximately 60 items will
be review concepts from exams 1, 2 and 3.
The new material covered after exam 3--often referred to as “exam 4”—consists of around 40
items measuring your understanding of new concepts from lectures and readings on Social, and
Abnormal/Treatment (chapters 13, 15, & 16.)
PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS
General
1. What is the difference between a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist?
Clinical Psychologist: help people deal with personal problems and emotional
disturbances
Psychiatrist: complete medical school, then go on to receive psychological training, and
can prescribe medicine.
2. Between a clinical social worker and a clinical psychologist?
Clinical Social Worker: help people cope with problems related to poverty, legal issues;
or they can work in the clinical field, where they diagnose and treat mental, behavioral or
emotional health issues
3. What are the characteristics of an effective therapist? (See Chapter 16 in textbook)
Effective Therapist Characteristics: establish a positive working relationship, don’t
contradict clients, match their treatments to the needs of client
Issues of Abnormal Psychology
4. What is “abnormal?” Explain each of the most commonly used criteria of abnormality.
Abnormal: psychological dysfunction or impairment, difficulty performing
appropriate/expected roles, distress, deviance from general social behaviors
5. What is the DSM-V? How is it used and why is it useful? One criticism is that the DSM-5
uses a categorical model of psychopathology. How would a dimensional model differ?
DSM-5: widely accepted system for classifying psychological problems and disorders
Schizophrenia
6. What are the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia Symptoms: impairment, delusions, hallucinations
7. What is a delusion?
Delusion: fixed belief with no basis in reality
8. What is a hallucination?
Hallucinations: perceptual experiences that are not real
9. What brain abnormalities are associated with schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia Brain Abnormalities: enlarged, fluid-filled cerebral cavities and
corresponding decreases in the cortex. Brain scans reveal abnormal activity in the frontal lobes,
thalamus, and amygdala
10. What is the role of dopamine in schizophrenia?
Dopamine in Schizophrenia: too much dopamine can cause schizophrenia,
reward-oriented
11. What evidence suggests that schizophrenia could begin in the womb?
Womb Evidence for Schizophrenia: groups of cells develop together in layers
12. What is the Diathesis-Stress Model?
Diathesis-Stress Model: perspective proposing that mental disorders are a joint product
of a genetic vulnerability, called a diathesis, and stressors that trigger this vulnerability
13. What are psychological and social influences on schizophrenia?
14. What is the frequency of schizophrenia in the general population? What are the odds of
developing schizophrenia if your identical twin has schizophrenia? What do these
percentages suggest about the genetic basis of schizophrenia?
Twin Schizophrenia: if your identical twin is schizophrenic, other twin has 50% of
developing
15. What drugs are used to treat schizophrenia?
Schizophrenia Drugs: reduce positive symptoms, antipsychotic
Mood disorders
Major depressive disorder
16. What are symptoms of a major depressive episode? What is required to make a firm
diagnosis?
Depressive Symptoms: need at least 5, depressed mood, anhedonia (loss of pleasure),
changes in sleep, appetite, fatigue, change in motor activity, feeling of guilt, difficulty
concentrating, recurring suicidal thoughts
17. What thinking patterns are characteristic of depression?
Selective Perception: negative attentional bias
Absolutist Thinking: everything must be perfect; black/white thinking
Depressive Attributions: internal, static (things will never change), global (generalizing
current events)
18. What is learned helplessness?
Learned Helplessness: tendency to feel helpless in the face of events we can’t control
19. What is the lifetime risk for Major depressive disorder? How do rates of depression
differ for men and women?
MDD Lifetime Risk: women=10-25%, men 5-12%
20. What is the rate of remission?
Depression Rate of Remission: 70%-90%
21. What percentage are later diagnosed as bipolar? What percentage die from suicide?
Unipolar to Bipolar: 10-15% change
Bipolar death rate: 19% die from suicide
22. What is distinctive about the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis (HPA) response of
Individuals who have been diagnosed with unipolar depression?
Document Summary
The 100 point final is composed of 100 items worth 1 point each approximately 60 items will be review concepts from exams 1, 2 and 3. The new material covered after exam 3--often referred to as exam 4 consists of around 40 items measuring your understanding of new concepts from lectures and readings on social, and. General: what is the difference between a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist? disturbances. Clinical psychologist: help people deal with personal problems and emotional. Effective therapist characteristics: establish a positive working relationship, don"t contradict clients, match their treatments to the needs of client. Issues of abnormal psychology: what is abnormal? explain each of the most commonly used criteria of abnormality. One criticism is that the dsm-5 uses a categorical model of psychopathology. Dsm-5: widely accepted system for classifying psychological problems and disorders. Schizophrenia brain abnormalities: e nlarged, fluid-filled cerebral cavities and corresponding decreases in the cortex. Absolutist thinking: everything must be perfect; black/white thinking.
