CHEM 112 Study Guide - Final Guide: Icos, Ion, Carbonation
23 Mar 2019
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Chapter 16 acidsand bases keyideas equalmolesofastrongacidandastrongbasereacttoforma neutralsolution equalmolesofaweakacidandstrongbaseorastrongacidandweakbasereacttoformanonneutralsolution. Arrheniusdefinitionofacidsandbases acid aspeciesthatgeneratesh lagions really11307whendissolvedinwater baseaspeciesthatgeneratesohcagionshydroxidewhendissolvedinwater strongacids1basesionize100inaqueoussolutions weakacidsrbasesionizelessthantoo inaqueoussolutions phscalequantify shadesofgray ph logoca higherthecatlesseristhephvalue. Bronstedlowrydefofacidsandbases acid aproton ht donor baseaproton htacceptor theacidyieldsitsconjugatebase cb thebaseyieldsitsconjugateacid ca. Bronsted lowryacidandbases in moredetail basedonhowmanyprotonsanacidcandonateacidscanbe monoproticacidscandonateonly 1ht polyproticacidscandonatemorethan1 ht carbonate ion. Hateris special watercanbeacid donateprotonsorbase acceptproton depending onreactionconditions specieswiththisdualnatureare calledamphoteric. Kwchsokoh7 1 10 4 250c thisequilibriumconstantkw isextremelysmall measuredpreciselyvs tpwithphmeterelectricalvoltage. 11301 basicsolution ph poh 14 we knowforneutralsolution itsohoh3 10 kw ch3o cohi multiplyby logonbothsides phscaleandpohscale. I l z 3 u l i i phlo i. 1,04 yos yobio7 yo8 1,0a 1go i l i s 6. Ht s oh i i ii poh i scale 14 if. O: 16. 3 ka acidequilibrium constants largeka strongacidsandbasesionize completelyin water aciddissociationconstantka ch3o. Hcl kaforstrongacidsishuge as kaincreasesch303increasesacidityincreasesandphdecreases ka acid equilibrium constants smallka weakacidsandbasesionizeto a smallerextentin water aciddissociationconstantka ch307cct3coz kaforaceticacidchcozit is 1. 8010 s kafor weakacids is lessthani. Acid base constants water reactant products hydrolysis reaction water acid cb11130 acidhydrolysisreaction water base ca oh basehydrolysisreaction.
