HISTORY 244 Final: History 244 Final Terms And Definition
Terms:
Menachem Begin
-leader of likud
-PLO attacks israel, Begin responses w/ air raids
-3 goals (begin and sharon)
-wanted to destroy the PLO's political credibility
-destroy Syrian influence in Lebanon, push it out of the country
Likud Party-
-Major right wing party in Israel. Founded in 1973 by Menachem Begin in
an alliance with several right wing liberal parties. Wanted large scale
Jewish settlement in conquered territories
-takes power 1977-92 when labor part was destroyed
Platform:
-Israel will not allow establishment of Arab/Palestinian state west of
Jordan river
-Jordan River will be state of Israel's permanent border (GREATER
ISRAEL IDEA)
-Jerusalem will not be divided
-Israel will insure freedom of religion and faith/free access to holy
places for all religions
-Support Jewish expansion/settlement in West Bank and Golan
-Defense/safety is top priority
-Likuds greater israel project
-Pursued for 15 years 1977-92
-Involved systematic jewish settlement, administrative and economic
-integration into israel, efforts to suppress pal nationalism and PLO
-Wanted to destroy Palestinian nationalism by invading Lebanon
-Wanted to create Jewish settlement throughout west bank and
gaza
-Plant people by Israel's narrow waist for security purposes
-Likud was supported by religious Israelis
-Appealed to economic self appeal; provided low gov prices for
houses in the west bank
-Successful until 1992- couldn't take over Lebanon or west bank
-Mizrachi revolt against traditional ashkenazi leadership
-Israelis feel vulnerable and isolate
-likud vision resembled that of the PLO
-likud wanted to destroy green line
-Likud's assumptions
-in the east, there is no arab partner for peace, unlike Egypt, PLO and
Syria still committed to israel's destruction, had to keep west bank and
Golan heights, gaza
-economic integration w/ israel would rapidly improve living standards of
Palestinians, pals would be content to remain under Israeli rule because
they'd be prosperous
-Israel's occupation of gaza and the west bank would be essentially cost
free bc of little pal opposition
-Israel government claimed 25% of west bank land
-Land was turned over to Jewish settlers
-Israel tried to tie west bank and gaza to pre 1976 Israel
-40 percent of pal workforce labored in israel
-israel gaza and west bank led a free trade zone
-produced Palestinian improvements in living standards
-in gaza, israel built colleges, improved health care ect
-Palestinians had few skills or opportunities to command high wages, saw
themselves as lower than Israelis, bc israel failed to invest in their job
training
-Pals living in israel couldn't stay overnight
-Security searches that took hours, humiliated
-mid 1980s Palestinian economy deteriorated, which was the precondition
for intifada
-Likud imposed tight censorship and pro PLO councils appointed by Israel
-Israeli gov financially supported the Leagues
-Leagues represented interests of common Palestinians
-2009 Israel returned the right again, Likud replaced Kadima under
Netanyahu
-US was against Likud gov
-Destroyed even though Israel lobby was pro Likud
Allon Plan- 67
-Proposal to end the Israeli occupation of the W. Bank with a negotiated
partition of the territory between Israel and the Hashemite Kingdom of
Jordan.
-Called for a political settlement of conflict between Israel and Arab states
based on, "Israel would not return to the June 4th, 1967 borders
- Jordan river would be Israel's defense border, Jerusalem (capital of
Israel) would remain united.
-Plan presented in July 1967, named after Yigal Allon who drafted it shortly
after 6 day war. Served as the basis for the labor party election platforms
in 1974, 1977, 1981, 1984, and 1987.
Plan:
-Annex most of the Jordan valley- "defensible borders" as defined by Israel.
-Long term vision for West Bank was to assert and sustain military
presence in the West Bank up to the Jordan River- West Bank would be
demilitarized.
-Israel would retain Valley and South of Valley- areas fortified to protect
Israel from attack- "claiming their religious right".
-Israel would remain in full control of a United Jerusalem.
-Palestinians would be provided self-administration in an autonomous or
semi autonomous region. Areas would be returned to Jordan as part of
peace settlement (axis from Jericho to Ramallah).
REJECTED by King Hussein of Jordan in September 1968. Also included
the creation of a Druze state in Syria, including the Israeli-held Golan
Heights.
-Reagan still wanted some of allon plan: partition west bank between Israel
and Jordan
Khartoum Declaration-
-famous for the 3 nos
-no peace with Israel, no negotiations with Israel, no recognition of
Israel.
-In 1967, post 6 Day War, the Arab Heads of State gathered in a Summit
meeting to decide what to do about Israel and the territories they lost in
the war.
-They agreed on the Khartoum Declaration.
-This Declaration stated that the arabs will not recognize Israel, not going
to make peace with Israel, and are not going to negotiate with Israel.
-This created the temporary empire and stalled peace negotiations.
Yasser Arafat-
Document Summary
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