PSYC 105 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Pomegranate, Family Resemblance, Falsifiability
Document Summary
Categorization: pointers to knowledge: definitional approach: list of conditions required for that object to be itself. Pro(cid:271)le(cid:373): al(cid:449)a(cid:455)s e(cid:454)(cid:272)eptio(cid:374)s to defi(cid:374)itio(cid:374)s, (cid:271)ut (cid:449)e do(cid:374)"t ha(cid:448)e trou(cid:271)le (cid:449)ith (cid:272)ategorizatio(cid:374: family resemblance: items in a category resemble one another, instead of clearly defined, prototype approach: typical member of category. Abstract representation of the typical member of a category. Average of all members encountered in the past; contains most salient features. High-prototypicality: category member closely resembles category prototype. Low-prototypicality: category member does not closely resemble category prototype. Faster sentence verification technique: a ___ is a fruit; faster to respond to high prototypical fruit. When told to list fruits, start with high prototypical items. Priming: when primed with category name, better primed for highly prototypical members of that category: exemplar approach: thing is represented by multiple actual examples instead of an average. To categorize, compare new item to each of the individually stored exemplars. Not just one is correct; both used in different situations.
