[ESS 3] - Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam (48 pages long!)

• School: UCSB
• Department: Exercise & Sport Studies
• Course: ESS 3
• Professor: J A M I E S O N A E

Document Summary

Foundation in several other sciences: biology, biochemistry, physiology. Tremendous growth: knowledge gained from sequencing the human genome. The study of dietary intake and behavior as well as the nutrients and constituents in food including their use in the body. Essential nutrients must be provided by our diet. Diets that emphasize fruits and vegetables, whole grains, dairy, fish, and poultry. Macronutrients yield energy: carbohydrates (#1 source of energy) o. Water and minerals do not yield energy. Macronutrients: source of kilocalories: carbohydrate = 4 kcal/g, protein = 4 kcal/g o. Lower energy density foods: contribute to weight loss. Energy is the capacity to do work: all body processes require energy. Energy in food is measured as kilocalories: kilocalorie (kcal) = 1000 calories. Health benefits: chemicals have antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, or hormone-like actions. Inadequate, excessive, or unbalanced nutrient intake: undernutrition. Determines if nutrient intake is adequate in a population: usually covers about 50%